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- Overview of Wide Area Information Servers
- Brewster Kahle
- April 1991
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- The Wide Area Information Servers system is a set of products supplied by
- different vendors to help end-users find and retrieve information over
- networks. Thinking Machines, Apple Computer, and Dow Jones initially
- implemented such a system for use by business executives. These products
- are becoming more widely available from various companies.
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- What does WAIS do?
- Users on different platforms can access personal, company, and
- published information from one interface. The information can be anything:
- text, pictures, voice, or formatted documents. Since a single
- computer-to-computer protocol is used, information can be stored anywhere
- on different types of machines. Anyone can use this system since it uses
- natural language questions to find relevant documents. Relevent documents
- can be fed back to a server to refine the search. This avoids complicated
- query languages and vendor specific systems. Successful searches can be
- automatically run to alert the user when new information becomes available.
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- How does WAIS work?
- The servers take a users question and do their best to find
- relevant documents. The servers, at this point, do not "understand" the
- users english language question, rather they try to find documents that
- contain those words and phrases and ranks then based on heuristics. The
- user interfaces (clients) talk to the servers using an extension to a
- standard protocol Z39.50. Using a public standard allows vendors to
- compete with each other, while bypassing the usual proprietary protocol
- period that slows development. Thinking Machines is giving away an
- implementation of this standard to help vendors develop clients and
- servers.
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- What WAIS servers exist?
- Even though the system is very new, there are already several
- servers:
- * Dow Jones is putting a server on their own DowVision network.
- This server contains the Wall Street Journal, Barons, and 450 magazines.
- This is a for-pay server.
- * Thinking Machines operates a Connection Machine on the internet for
- free use. The databases it supports are some patents, a collection of
- molecular biology abstracts, a cookbook, and the CIA World Factbook.
- * MIT supports a poetry server with a great deal of classical and
- modern poetry. Cosmic is serving descriptions of government software
- packages. The Library of Congress has plans to make their catalog
- available on the protocol.
- * Weather maps and forecasts are made available by Thinking Machines as a
- repackaging of existing information.
- * The "directory of servers" facility is operated by Thinking Machines so
- that new servers can be easily registered as either for-pay or for-free
- servers and users can find out about these services.
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- How can I find out more about WAIS?
- Contact Brewster Kahle for more information on the WAIS project,
- the Connection Machine WAIS system, or the free Mac, Unix Server, and X
- Window System interfaces. There is a mailing list that has weekly postings
- on progress and new releases; to subscribe send and email note to
- wais-discussion-request@think.com.
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- Brewster Kahle
- Project Leader
- Wide Area Information Servers
- Brewster@Think.com
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